The slope of a line, denoted measures how steep the line is. It is given by the following formula:
Let's calculate the slope of the line that passes through the points and , as shown below.
Moving from to , the line rises vertically by units while running units horizontally. Therefore, the slope of this line is
The slope is a unit rate. It tells us the line rises vertically by units per unit of horizontal change.
Note the following:
If a line moves upward as we move from left to right (), its slope is positive because the line rises by a positive amount.
If a line moves downward as we move from left to right (), its slope is negative because the line falls (meaning it rises by a negative amount).
Suppose that and are two points on a straight line, as shown below.
The "rise" of the line is and the "run" of the line is . Therefore, we compute the slope of the line as follows:
For vertical lines, the slope is undefined. This is because which leads to division by zero in the above formula.
Note: We can pick any point on the line as our and any other point on the line as We will get the same answer for the slope no matter which pair of points we pick.
Calculate the slope of the line that passes through the points and
We let and and compute the slope using the formula:
Thus, the slope is
What is the slope of the line that passes through the points plotted in the graph above?
|
a
|
$\dfrac{3}{2}$ |
|
b
|
$2$ |
|
c
|
$\dfrac{1}{2}$ |
|
d
|
$3$ |
|
e
|
$\dfrac{2}{3}$ |
What is the slope of a line that passes through the points $(4,5)$ and $(2,3)?$
|
a
|
$2$ |
|
b
|
$-2$ |
|
c
|
$1$ |
|
d
|
$4$ |
|
e
|
$-1$ |
Calculate the slope of the line shown below.
Note that the line passes through the points and So, we let and and compute the slope using the formula:
Therefore, the slope of the line is
The straight line shown above intersects the $y$-axis when $y = 4$ and intersects the $x$-axis when $x = 2.$ Find its slope.
|
a
|
$-\dfrac 1 2$ |
|
b
|
$-1$ |
|
c
|
$-\dfrac{13}{2}$ |
|
d
|
$-2$ |
|
e
|
$-\dfrac 7 2$ |
The straight line shown above intersects the $y$-axis when $y = 2$ and intersects the $x$-axis when $x = -4.$ Find its slope.
|
a
|
$\dfrac{1}{2}$ |
|
b
|
$-\dfrac{1}{2}$ |
|
c
|
$\dfrac{1}{4}$ |
|
d
|
$-2$ |
|
e
|
$2$ |
Find the slope of each of the lines below.
The slope of the vertical line is undefined. We can see this by choosing two points on the line, such as and and computing the slope between them:
On the other hand, the slope of the horizontal line is zero. We can see this by choosing two points on the line, such as and and computing the slope between them:
Determine the slope of the line shown above.
|
a
|
$0$ |
|
b
|
$-1$ |
|
c
|
$1$ |
|
d
|
$0.5$ |
|
e
|
The slope is undefined |
Calculate the slope of the line shown above.
|
a
|
$1$ |
|
b
|
$0$ |
|
c
|
$1.5$ |
|
d
|
$-1.5$ |
|
e
|
The slope is undefined |
Given the following graph, what can we say about the sign of the slope?
Remember that slope is the amount the line rises vertically per unit that it runs horizontally.
Since the graph decreases () as we go from left to right, the line rises by a negative amount.
Therefore, the slope of the line is negative.
Which of the following best describes the slope of the graph above?
|
a
|
Not enough information |
|
b
|
Zero |
|
c
|
Positive |
|
d
|
Undefined |
|
e
|
Negative |
Which of the following best describes the slope of the graph above?
|
a
|
Not enough information |
|
b
|
Undefined |
|
c
|
Positive |
|
d
|
Negative |
|
e
|
Zero |