The following diagram shows the dependence between the amount of gasoline put into a car and the total cost. We will use this graph to calculate the price per liter of gas.

To calculate the price per liter of gas, all we need to do is calculate the slope of the line. To see why, notice that the units of the slope are

\dfrac{\textrm{units of }y}{\textrm{units of }x} = \dfrac{\textrm{dollars}}{\textrm{liters}},

or dollars per liter. So the slope gives us the total number of dollars that we need to spend per liter of fuel.

To calculate the slope, we make use of the fact that the line passes through the points (0,0) and (8,2). So the slope m of the line is

m = \dfrac{y_1-y_0}{x_1-x_0} = \dfrac{2 \textrm{ dollars}-0\textrm{ dollars}}{8\textrm{ liters}-0\textrm{ liters}} = \dfrac{2\textrm{ dollars}}{8\textrm{ liters}} = 0.25 \textrm{ dollars/liter}.

Therefore, it costs \[math]0.25 per liter of gasoline to fill up the car.

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The graph above shows the relation between the number of correct answers and the total number of points obtained in a test. How many points are awarded per correct answer?

EXPLANATION

The graph has a y -intercept at (0,1), which means 1 point is awarded even when there are 0 correct answers. So, the test starts with 1 point.

To find the number of points awarded per correct answer, notice that the units of the slope are

\dfrac{\textrm{Points}}{\textrm{Correct answers}},

or points per correct answer. So, to calculate the number of points awarded per correct answer, all we need to do is calculate the slope of the line.

Since the line passes through the points (0,1) and (4,4) , we find its slope as follows: \begin{align*} m &= \dfrac{y_2-y_1}{x_2-x_1}\\[5pt] &=\dfrac{4-1}{4-0} \\[5pt] &= \dfrac{3}{4}\\[5pt] &= 0.75 \textrm{ points/correct answer} \end{align*}

So, each correct answer is worth 0.75 points.

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The graph above represents the relation between the number of correct answers and the total number of points obtained on a particular test. Which of the following statements is true?

a
Each correct answer is worth $0$ points
b
Each correct answer is worth $3$ points
c
Each correct answer is worth $2$ points
d
Each correct answer is worth $6$ points
e
Each correct answer is worth $1$ point

The graph above represents the relation between the number of kilometers Jake rides on his bike and how many minutes he rides. Which of the following statements is true?

a
Jake travels $4.5$ kilometers every minute
b
Jake travels $6$ kilometers every minute
c
Jake travels $7$ kilometers every minute
d
Jake travels $7.5$ kilometers every minute
e
Jake travels $5$ kilometers every minute

The graph above shows the number of liters of water in a tank. Determine the rate at which the tank leaks.

EXPLANATION

To find the number of liters of water leaking per hour, notice that the units of the slope are

\dfrac{\textrm{liters}}{\textrm{hour}},

or liters per hour. So, to calculate the number of liters of water leaking per hour, we need to calculate the slope of the line.

Since the line passes through the points (0,500) and (5,200) , we find its slope as follows: \begin{align*} m &= \dfrac{y_2-y_1}{x_2-x_1} \\[5pt] &=\dfrac{200-500}{5-0} \\[5pt] &= -60 \textrm{ liters/hour} \end{align*}

Notice that the result is negative because the number of liters is decreasing.

So, the tank leaks 60 liters of water per hour.

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The graph above shows the amount of fuel in a car's tank after it sets off on a journey. Which of the following statements is true?

a
The car consumes $0.5$ liters of fuel per mile
b
The car consumes $1$ liter of fuel per mile
c
The car consumes $4$ liters of fuel per mile
d
The car consumes $0.25$ liters of fuel per mile
e
The car consumes $2$ liters of fuel per mile

The graph above shows the number of raffle tickets left available each day after ticket sales start. Which of the following statements is true?

a
$8$ tickets are sold each day
b
$12$ tickets are sold each day
c
$10$ tickets are sold each day
d
$5$ tickets are sold each day
e
$16$ tickets are sold each day

The graph above represents the hourly cost of renting a tennis court at a particular club. What is the actual cost of renting a court?

EXPLANATION

The graph has a y -intercept at (0,10), which means that the cost is \[math] 10 even when no time has been elapsed. So, the club charges an initial fee of \[/math] 10.00.

To find the cost per hour, notice that the units of the slope are

\dfrac{\textrm{dollars}}{\textrm{hours}},

or dollars per hour. So, to calculate the cost per hour, we need to calculate the slope of the line.

Since the line passes through the points (0,10) and (2,40) , we find its slope as follows: \begin{align*} m &= \dfrac{y_2-y_1}{x_2-x_1} \\[5pt] &= \dfrac{40-10}{2-0}\\[5pt] &= \dfrac{30}{2} \\[5pt] &= 15\textrm{ dollars/hour} \end{align*}

So, the cost of renting a tennis court is \[math] 10.00 plus \[/math] 15.00 per hour.

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The graph above represents the price that a particular taxicab company charges for a ride. What is the cost of a ride?

a
$\$ 0.50$ plus $\$ 2.00$ per kilometer
b
$\$ 2.00$ plus $\$ 0.50$ per kilometer
c
$\$ 0.50$ plus $\$ 2.50$ per kilometer
d
$\$ 2.00$ plus $\$ 2.00$ per kilometer
e
$\$ 2.00$ plus $\$ 1.00$ per kilometer

The graph above shows the fee that a certain company charges to allow customers to park their car. What is the actual cost of parking?

a
$\$ 3.00$ plus $\$ 0.25$ per hour
b
$\$ 2.50$ plus $\$ 0.35$ per hour
c
$\$ 2.00$ plus $\$ 0.50$ per hour
d
$\$ 3.00$ plus $\$ 0.75$ per hour
e
$\$ 3.00$ plus $\$ 1.25$ per hour

James is 20 kilometers away from the gym. He jogs in the opposite direction to the gym at a constant speed of 12\,\textrm{km/h}. Sketch a graph that describes how far from the gym James will be after x hours.

EXPLANATION

To model the given situation, we will use the slope-intercept form y=mx+b, where y is the total distance, and x represents the time in hours. We fill in the information from the problem:

  • At the beginning (when x=0 ), James is 20 kilometers away from the gym. So, our graph will pass through the point (0,20). This means that the y -intercept is b=20.

  • Since James runs at a constant speed of 12\,\textrm{km/h} , the slope must be m=12.

Substituting the values from above, we get the equation y=12x+20.

To graph this equation, we can pick two points and draw a line through them. One point can be the y -intercept (0,20). We can find another point by substituting some x -value, say x=5, into the equation:

\begin{align*} y&=12x+20 \\ y&=12(5)+20 \\ y&=80 \end{align*}

We plot the points (0,20) and (5,80) and draw a line through them:

FLAG

Which of the following graphs describes the cost of parking at a particular parking lot if the initial cost is $\$2$ plus $\$1$ per hour thereafter?

a
b
c
d
e

A travel company charges customers an initial fee of $\$4.00$ plus $ \$1.00 $ per kilometer or fraction traveled thereafter. Which of the following graphs describes the cost of a ride?

a
b
c
d
e
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